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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*tekir/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"level face="Times New Roman Star"ровный face="Times New Roman Star"tigez face="Times New Roman Star"tekiz (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"tekiz face="Times New Roman Star"teki:z face="Times New Roman Star"tagъr face="Times New Roman Star"tegiz face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"tiged| face="Times New Roman Star"tegiz face="Times New Roman Star"tegis face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 468, 470. Федотов 2, 165-166 connects the Chuv. form with PT *takyr 'level, smooth' (which is possible if Chuv. < Tat.), in which case the Chuvash form should be removed from this etymology. face="Times New Roman Star"*Tylda- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to allow, refer to 2 reason, excuse face="Times New Roman Star"1 обосновывать, ссылаться 2 причина, повод face="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1, tyldag| 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tylda- 1 (KB ), tyldag| 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"tyldaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dyldag| 2 (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 494 (but not derived from *dyl 'tongue'!). face="Times New Roman Star"*bAryk (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"unclear silhouette face="Times New Roman Star"неясный силуэт face="Times New Roman Star"baryq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"baryk, boruk 'darkness' face="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 84. A somewhat dubious etymon: the OT form is quoted from the Uzbek edition of MK , not confirmed by Clauson and Dizin; the sense of the passage is rather obscure; the Yak. form may be secondarily built on the basis of the borrowed baryj-, boruj- 'be badly visible'. But cf. perhaps Kirgh. (ep.) burqu 'variety'? face="Times New Roman Star"*bal/tar face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sickle face="Times New Roman Star"серп face="Times New Roman Star"bas?tar (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 378. face="Times New Roman Star"*Topal face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"round vessel made of bark face="Times New Roman Star"кузовок, лукошко (корзинка, плетеная из коры) face="Times New Roman Star"tubal face="Times New Roman Star"tubal face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489. face="Times New Roman Star"*ubyg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sticks supporting the upper rim of a yurt face="Times New Roman Star"жерди, поддерживающие верхний край юрты face="Times New Roman Star"ug| (MK); ujug|lug| ( = uvug|lug|) 'tent pole' (MK) face="Times New Roman Star"hug| 'hut' face="Times New Roman Star"ug| (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"u:g| (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"oq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"u:q face="Times New Roman Star"ug|, u: 'house, yurt' (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"u: 'das Stangenrippe der Jurte, u"ber welches die Filzdecken ausgebreitet werden' (R - Teleut) face="Times New Roman Star"u:q face="Times New Roman Star"u>wyq face="Times New Roman Star"uwyq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 76, 271, VEWT 510, TMN 2, 150-151, ЭСТЯ 1, 583, Лексика 517-518. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyrk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"forty face="Times New Roman Star"сорок face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kyrk face="Times New Roman Star"qyryq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq (AH , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qirq face="Times New Roman Star"qi(r)q face="Times New Roman Star"Gyrx face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"xyryx face="Times New Roman Star"qyryq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq, qyryq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"x@r@x face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"qyryq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"qyrx, qyryx face="Times New Roman Star"qyrq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 651, VEWT 266, Лексика 573, ЭСТЯ 6, 235-236. face="Times New Roman Star"*otur/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"thirty face="Times New Roman Star"тридцать face="Times New Roman Star"otuz (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ottuz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"otuz face="Times New Roman Star"utyz face="Times New Roman Star"otuz (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"o.ttiz face="Times New Roman Star"ottuz face="Times New Roman Star"otus face="Times New Roman Star"otuz face="Times New Roman Star"otuz face="Times New Roman Star"otys face="Times New Roman Star"oduz, odus face="Times New Roman Star"ho_ttuz, hottuz face="Times New Roman Star"otut face="Times New Roman Star"otut face="Times New Roman Star"otuz face="Times New Roman Star"otyz face="Times New Roman Star"otyz face="Times New Roman Star"utyd| face="Times New Roman Star"otuz face="Times New Roman Star"otuz face="Times New Roman Star"otuz face="Times New Roman Star"otyz face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 74, ЭСТЯ 1, 489, Stachowski 197. face="Times New Roman Star"*kebu"- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 straw 2 brushwood 3 rot, dandruff 4 to hull face="Times New Roman Star"1 солома 2 хворост 3 гниль, перхоть 4 шелушить face="Times New Roman Star"kevu"k, ko"vu"k 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"viz?| 'rotten heartwood' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kevik 1 (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ze|- (dial.) 4 face="Times New Roman Star"kevu"k (AH ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ko":ze|- (dial.) 4 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vze- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"kъw|vajt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kewek 3, ku"(j)d|e|- 4 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 688 (but not < Sogd.), 689. Cf. also *ko"br/e- (*kebr/e-?) 'to hull, pound in a mortar' (ЭСТЯ 5, 81, 82). face="Times New Roman Star"*Kobul/, *Kobul/a- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 sharpened (arrow) 2 to sharpen, plane face="Times New Roman Star"1 заостренная (стрела) 2 точить, строгать face="Times New Roman Star"qovus?a- (OUygh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qovs?a- (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"(Osmanli) qovus?, qog|us? (XVI c.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 613-614. face="Times New Roman Star"*TAlagu face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 deadly poison 2 diarrhoea 3 ulcer disease face="Times New Roman Star"1 смертельный яд 2 дизентерия 3 болезнь, связанная с язвами face="Times New Roman Star"talag|u 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"talaw 'a k. of horse disease' face="Times New Roman Star"dalau 1 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"talo:-lo-n- 'to become covered by red blots' face="Times New Roman Star"talau 'Siberian plague' face="Times New Roman Star"talav 'pest, plague' face="Times New Roman Star"talaw (dial.) 'Siberian plague' face="Times New Roman Star"talaw 'anthrax, plague' face="Times New Roman Star"talaw 'malignant tumour' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 458, EDT 496. Despite Clauson, hardly derived from tala- 'to harm, rob'. Modern Oghuz forms (Tur. dial. dalak 'Siberian plague', Az. dial. dalax 'cattle disease', Turkm. da:laq 'camel disease') are restructured on analogy with *d(i)a:lak 'spleen' (v. sub *ti_o:/le ). A similarly reinterpreted form is Chuv. talak 'some inner disease of cattle' - borrowed from Tatar talawu (see above), but restructured under the influence of the borrowed talaq 'spleen'. face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:jyn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 sheat-fish 2 salmon face="Times New Roman Star"1 сом 2 лосось, семга face="Times New Roman Star"jajyn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|e|jen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jajyn 2 (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"ja:jyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s/ojъn, s/oin (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ajyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ajyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jajyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ja"jen 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ajyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 80-81, Лексика 178, Федотов 2, 129. face="Times New Roman Star"*jAmak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"helper face="Times New Roman Star"помощник face="Times New Roman Star"jamak face="Times New Roman Star"jamag| (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 184. face="Times New Roman Star"*sil face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"horse that eats too little food face="Times New Roman Star"слишком мало едящая лошадь face="Times New Roman Star"sil at (MK); sil kis?i 'abstemious person' face="Times New Roman Star"OT = Mong. sila buli ideku 'to eat without appetite' face="Times New Roman Star"*u":k- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to grind, crush, rub face="Times New Roman Star"молоть, крошить, растирать face="Times New Roman Star"o"gi- ( ? u"-) (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"gi- ( ? u"-) (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"o"ju"t-, o"vu"t- face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"gu"t- (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"ju"t- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"u"vi-, u"vu"t- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- face="Times New Roman Star"u":t- face="Times New Roman Star"u"k-, u"gi- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 101-102, ЭСТЯ 1, 618-619. The root clearly has a *-k-, with a development > *-g- > *-g|- in Oghuz pointing to an original long vowel. It should be therefore distinguished from PT *o"g- 'to knead, press' which shows only reflexes of *-g-. face="Times New Roman Star"*ajyt- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to rub off, peel off face="Times New Roman Star"стирать, сдирать шкуру face="Times New Roman Star"ajyt-la-, ajyk-la- face="Times New Roman Star"ajt- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 12, Radloff 1, 48, 222. Cf. also Khak. ajg|y 'smooth, polished' (VEWT 11). face="Times New Roman Star"*Tugur face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a k. of tent 2 tent covering face="Times New Roman Star"1 вид шатра 2 покрышка шатра face="Times New Roman Star"turluk (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tug|ur 1, tug|urluq 2 (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"durluq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tu:rduq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tuwyrluq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tuwyrluq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 515. Tur. turluk, Turkm. durluG show irregular reflexation; we may be dealing with some interlingual loans here; the quality of the initial dental in PT is thus not quite clear. face="Times New Roman Star"*topon face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 straw 2 chaff, bran face="Times New Roman Star"1 солома 2 мякина, полова face="Times New Roman Star"topun 'wheat chaff' (MK ; EDT glosses 'a lump of food', probably incorrectly) face="Times New Roman Star"tuban 2 (Тумашева 216) face="Times New Roman Star"to.po|n 2 face="Times New Roman Star"topan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) tova:n, tofa:n 1 face="Times New Roman Star"toban 'хлебная пыль, труха' face="Times New Roman Star"typyn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"topan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"toban 1 face="Times New Roman Star"topan 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 8; despite Tekin 1969 , 65 should be kept distinct from *topraq 'dust'. face="Times New Roman Star"*sogly- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to breathe heavily, pant face="Times New Roman Star"тяжело дышать, задыхаться face="Times New Roman Star"solu- face="Times New Roman Star"sula- face="Times New Roman Star"solu- (Pav. C. , IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"so:lu- face="Times New Roman Star"syvla- face="Times New Roman Star"uoluj- 'to be very scared' face="Times New Roman Star"solyq- face="Times New Roman Star"solu- 'to rest' face="Times New Roman Star"solu- face="Times New Roman Star"solu- face="Times New Roman Star"solu- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 426, ЭСТЯ 6. face="Times New Roman Star"*KAj face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 shaman spirit 2 throat singing face="Times New Roman Star"1 шаманский дух 2 горловое пение face="Times New Roman Star"qaj 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xaj 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qajla- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qajla- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"> Mari xoj 'Gespra"ch' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 221. If the original meaning is 'air movement' (cf. the external evidence), cf. also Chuv. ku" 'strong odour'.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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